Neurology TEST SPECIALITIES

Autoimmune disorders
Dementia
sdvsd

Autoantibodies against proteins in the brain are increasingly considered as a potential cause of cognitive decline, slowly progressing changes mood and behavior. Detection of these autoantibodies has allowed the recognition of treatment-responsive clinical entities previously thought to be classical irreversible neurodegenerative diseases. Hence early correct diagnosis is important to distinguish between autoimmune dementia and irreversible neurodegenerative disorder.

  • Important Tests
  • Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
  • Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Positive test results facilitate selection of appropriate targeted therapy

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare
In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.
  • Important Tests
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Serum
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Serum
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Stiff-Person Spectrum Disorders Evaluation, including Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity and Myoclonus, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Stiff-Person Spectrum Disorders Evaluation, including Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity and Myoclonus, Serum
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare
  • ACHR
  • MuSK
  • ACHR + MuSK

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare
  • Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare
  • Necrotizing Myopathy Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Axonal Neuropathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Peripheral Nervous System Demyelinating Neuropathy, Autoimmune Evaluation, Serum
  • Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy/Nodopathy Evaluation, Serum
  • Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Autoantibodies, IgM, Serum
  • Ganglioside Antibodies Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy/CNS Disorder Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy/CNS Disorder Evaluation, Serum
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Serum
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Paraneoplastic Vision Loss Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune myelopathy
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • CNS Demyelinating Disease Evaluation, Serum
  • Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)/Aquaporin-4-IgG by Cell Based Assay (CBA), Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)/Aquaporin-4-IgG by Cell Based Assay (CBA), Serum
  • Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) by Cell Based Assay (CBA), Serum

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Autoimmune encephalitis is not rare

In todays time, autoimmune causes of encephalitis are as common as viral causes.2 Hence early diagnosis is essential.

  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Profile, Serum and Spinal Fluid

Testing clinical utility

  • Confirming the diagnosis
  • Enabling precision in treatment selection
  • Predicting associated cancers

Case series

Real patient scenarios show the benefit of testing in improving patient diagnosis

Coming soon
Alzheimer’s disease
  • Alzheimer Disease Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Beta-Amyloid Ratio, (1-42/1-40), Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Rapidly Progressive Dementia Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Dementia, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
Autoimmune epilepsy
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Serum
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
Autoimmune movement disorders
  • Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Movement Disorder, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Stiff-Person Spectrum Disorders Evaluation, including Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity and Myoclonus, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Stiff-Person Spectrum Disorders Evaluation, including Progressive Encephalomyelitis with Rigidity and Myoclonus, Serum
  • Ma2 Antibody by Immunoblot, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Ma2 Antibody by Immunoblot, Serum
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Encephalopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
Myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton syndrome
  • Myasthenia Gravis/Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome Evaluation, Serum
  • ACHR, Serum
  • MuSK, Serum
  • Necrotizing Myopathy Evaluation, Serum
  • SRP, Serum
  • HMGCR, Serum
Axonal neuropathies
  • Axonal Neuropathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Peripheral Nervous System Demyelinating Neuropathy, Autoimmune Evaluation, Serum
  • Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy/Nodopathy Evaluation, Serum
  • Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein Autoantibodies, IgM, Serum
  • Ganglioside Antibodies Evaluation, Serum
Autoimmune disorders
  • Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy/CNS Disorder Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Pediatric Autoimmune Encephalopathy/CNS Disorder Evaluation, Serum
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid Type A (GABA-A) Receptor Antibody by Cell Binding Assay, Serum
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Epilepsy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Myelopathy, Autoimmune/Paraneoplastic Evaluation, Serum
  • CNS Demyelinating Disease Evaluation, Serum
  • Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)/Aquaporin-4-IgG by Cell Based Assay (CBA), Serum
  • Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO)/Aquaporin-4-IgG by Cell Based Assay (CBA), Cerebrospinal Fluid
  • Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) by Cell Based Assay (CBA), Serum
  • Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Profile, Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid

References:

1. sd

2. Uy CE, Binks S, Irani SR. Pract Neurol 2021;21:412–423.

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